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   The Buffalo State Asylum was built in 1871, designed by H.H. Richardson, to be the most modern and progressive Asylum in the country. It's design was based on the Kirkbride system of asylums, which dictated not only the general layout but also the smallest of details. The only violation of the Kirkbride system was the fact that it was built so close to a city, on 200 acres of land only a few miles from downtown Buffalo. At the time, the Buffalo State Asylum was revolutionary in it's treatment of mental patients. Previously most mentally ill people were simply jailed, it is estimated that up to %75 of the prison population in the late 19th century were mentally ill rather than criminals. The Kirkbride system, and the Buffalo State Asylum sought to change that, give the patients the care they needed and actually cure them rather than simply store them. It was the first Asylum to actually teach new nurses how to deal with the various types of illnesses, and so became well known for the quality of care.

    Unfortunatly, things began to go downhill for the Asylum, as it did for many around the country. As mental illness became better defined and understood, more and more people were sent for treatment though more space was not made available. The facility was intended to hold no more than 300 patients at any given time, by the 1930's more than 3,000 patients were crammed within the wings. Patients had to spend days outside because there was no room within, and sleep in the halls two and three deep. With the 1950's came advancements in psychotropic drugs that allowed many patients to live outside the Asylum, leading to a move toward deinstutionalization across the country. Places the Buffalo State Asylum became obselete, shutdown.

    Today the Buffalo State Asylum, now known as the Buffalo Psychiatric Center, stands as a monument to the good intentions of it's designers and a warning of what can become of a stagnant system. The very roofline, designed to look like a small town from the fields, is a testament to the care that went into providing a place for rest. The State of New York has taken stewardship of the building, stabalizing and refurbishing the grand building. Current plans are to use it as a teaching college, a fitting use for first teaching hospital in the country.

  ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION

Kirkbride Buildings
An excellent resource for not only the Buffalo State Asylum, but many other asylums also.

A Towering Masterpiece
A very comprehensive site about the Asylum

Historic Asylums
Contains some old documents relating to the Asylum.

Photographic Essays
Wonderful photo's from inside of the Asylum.

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